![]() The S 11 response of the transducers is shown in black and the resonant modes are highlighted in purple. Reuse & PermissionsĬoherent AO modulation spectrum ( S 21, dark orange) of two microrings driven by integrated Lamb-wave resonators of periods (a) 0.8 μ m and (b) 1 μ m. ![]() (d) False-color SEM image of the partially etched suspended grating coupler. The microring geometry enables resonant enhancement of the acousto-optic interaction, with the primary source of mechanical loss being the tethers used to hold the suspended rib waveguide and microring assembly from the side. ![]() The partially etched rib region (green) connects the Lamb-wave resonator with the base of the triangular microring resonator, allowing mode hybridization between the Lamb-wave resonator mode and the breathing mode of a rib waveguide. (b),(c) False-color SEM images showing the interconnection between the suspended ring resonator and the suspended IDT. The Lamb-wave resonator is defined by the suspended Ga As membrane under the IDT (gold fingers). The rib waveguide is side coupled to a triangular microring resonator (coupling region shown in the enlarged section), which is also designed around a rib waveguide geometry. Suspended grating couplers, seen at the bottom right are used to couple light into a rib waveguide. (a) Optical microscope image of a representative device with an enlarged section of the microring resonator in conjunction with the IDT ( Cr/ Au) shown. Suspended 220-nm Ga As PIC platform with integrated Lamb-wave resonators for piezo-optomechanical signal transduction. We also outline routes for improving device performance to enable quantum transduction within this platform. Combining the strong elasto-optic interactions available in Ga As with the increased phonon injection efficiency enabled by this architecture, we demonstrate signal transduction up to 7 GHz, and an increase in transduction efficiency of approximately 25 times for the hybridized mode ( f m ≈ 2 GHz), using this approach. In this work, we utilize the mechanical supermode principle to improve the overall microwave-to-optical transduction efficiency, by fabricating Lamb-wave resonators that are hybridized with the mechanical breathing modes of a rib waveguide in a suspended gallium arsenide ( Ga As) photonic-integrated-circuit platform. While there has been significant recent progress particularly on the materials front, alternative device architectures that can potentially meet the stringent efficiency requirements of quantum transducers need to be continuously explored. ![]() Piezoelectric optomechanical platforms present one of the most promising routes towards efficient transduction of signals from the microwave to the optical frequency domains. ![]()
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